10 Signs of Chronic Kidney Disease

“康西州移栽中心和全国肾脏基础委员会成员的医学教授，斯蒂芬巴斯坦说：”康复早期没有症状。““大多数症状都不会发生，直到肾脏疾病相当先进。”有时被称为沉默的杀手，如果您有常规检查，血液和尿液测试，则更有可能发现CKD，特别是如果您具有高血压，糖尿病，心脏病或肾脏疾病的家族史。其他时候，你只是觉得有些不对。如果您发现这10个标志中的任何一个，请参阅您的医生。

当你的肾脏失去从身体去除多余的流体的能力时，它可以积聚并导致胸部的疼痛和压力。“肾功能衰竭有时会与哮喘或心力衰竭混淆，因为流体可以在肺部积聚，”德瓦塔研究和患者赋予的经验研究和患者的医学总监Francesca Tentori，Davita和Vanderbilt University医学辅助讲师。

In addition to struggling to remove fluid, failing kidneys lose their ability to remove sodium from your blood. That means the salt you eat stays in your body—and that’s a problem because sodium makes fluid retention problems even worse, leading to swelling, especially in your feet, ankles, hands, face, and around your eyes. Swelling can also indicate serious conditions such as heart failure, liver failure, diabetes, and damage to leg veins, and it can be a side-effect from certain medications. Be safe and have it checked.

肾脏待办事项列表的另一个任务：维持血液中的矿物质平衡。被称为电解质，矿物质，钙和钠等矿物质在肌肉功能中起着关键作用。“钾的主要工作之一是控制你的肌肉反应和合同如何，”美国肾脏基金的肾病教育副总裁Michael Spigler说。“如果钾水平太高或脱离，因为你的肾脏没有正常工作，它会导致肌肉疼痛和心悸。”高钾水平也可以危及生命。

你的小便是不同的颜色，而不是正常吗？你尿液中的任何血吗？如果你在小便时感到压力，尿尿或少于平常，或者你在晚上更频繁地走到去，那么这些可能是CKD的迹象。相信它与否，泡泡尿也是一个红旗。当肾脏开始失败时，它们允许蛋白质从血液中泄漏到尿液中，产生泡沫效果。“尿液中的蛋白质会导致它真正泡沫，类似于当你鞭打蛋白时发生的东西，”帕斯坦说。

累了,不知道为什么?低铁、慢性肾病症状,could be the culprit. “One of your kidneys’ jobs is to create red blood cells,” says Spigler. “When your kidneys aren’t working well, they may not produce enough red blood cells, leading you to develop anemia.” Red blood cells carry oxygen to various parts of your body, so when you’re running low on supply, oxygen isn’t getting to key organs and muscles, causing fatigue. Another possible reason for feeling tired: A build-up of extra fluid, toxins, and impurities in your blood—which happens when kidneys can’t filter them out properly.

We’re not talking about I-forgot-to-brush-my-teeth breath here. A distinct ammonia-like, metallic taste in your mouth can occur when your kidneys don’t adequately remove waste and toxins from your blood, leaving these substances to act like poisons that affect various parts of your body. “Waste build-up in the body can cause bad breath, changes in taste, or an aversion to protein-containing foods like meat,” says Tentori. In addition, toxins from CKD can affect your brain in a way that causes nausea or vomiting. “Typically, it causes morning nausea that gets better during the day,” says Pastan.

Like many of the other signs of kidney disease, itchy, dry skin may be an indication of excess toxins in your body. “Waste build-up can cause severe itching, especially of the legs,” Tentori says. Itching is a reaction that can be triggered when urea, a substance created from the breakdown of protein, collects in your body. It can also happen as the result of an imbalance of minerals in your blood. High levels of phosphorus, which is normally excreted by healthy kidneys, may also accumulate in soft tissues and cause itching.

患有肾病的人有时会形容自己，就像他们有“脑雾”的感觉，这是一个漂亮的方式，说他们在他们的思想中混乱，难以集中，并继续忘记事物。这些症状可具有几种肾病相关的原因。对于一个，“低铁水平可以导致认知问题或头晕，因为你有较少的红细胞向你的大脑运输氧气，”斯波格勒说。混乱也可能是你大脑中高毒素水平的结果。升高的蛋白质水平，CKD的标志，也可以影响大脑功能。

困难睡着了，晚上睡着了，白天留下清醒是CKD的所有迹象。这种疾病也会造成更严重的睡眠问题。“你的大脑中的肾脏毒素会导致睡眠障碍，如睡眠呼吸暂停，即使在不超重的患者中，”Pastan说。来自肾病的贫血症可以提高你发育不安的腿综合征的风险，这是夜间中断睡眠中的痉挛性腿部运动的条件。睡眠问题可以有许多其他原因（你好，压力！），所以请与医生办理登机手续，以更好地了解发生的事情。

Your kidneys make hormones that help control blood pressure, so if your blood pressure starts to rise gradually or suddenly, it could be a sign of kidney trouble. Keep this in mind, too: Just as kidney disease can cause high blood pressure, high blood pressure can cause kidney disease by damaging blood vessels in your kidneys. “High blood pressure is the number two cause of kidney failure,” Spigler says. Whether it’s the chicken or the egg, anytime you have elevated BP, it’s good to have a doctor check it out.